Culture and Arts of Great Britain
10 Form. Attention!
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The Flower Symbols: a rose, a thistle, a daffodil, a shamrock
The 23rd of April, St Georges’s Day, is regarded as England’s national day.
On this day some Englishmen wear a rose pinned to their jackets. A red rose is
the national emblem of England. It symbolises the end of the War of Roses
(1455-1485) between the Lancastrians and the Yorkists. The dynasty of the
Lancastrians had a red rose in their coat of arms. The dynasty of the Yorkists
had a white rose. The feudal struggle for the Crown between these two dynasties
grew into an open war, which got the name the War of Roses. The Lancastrians
won the war and Henry Tudor was proclaimed the King of England. Since that time
a red rose has become the symbol of England.
The 30th of November, St Andrew’s Day, the patron saint of Scotland. The
thistle is worn by many Scotsmen as a buttonhole on that day. When the ancient
Norwegians, wanted to take the Scots by surprise on the river Tay, they
approached the Scots’camp barefooted to make less noise. One of them stepped on
a thistle. A sudden sharp pain made him shriek. So the alarm was given, and the
Scots were saved. Since that time the thistle has been the national emblem of
Scotland.
The 1st of March, St David’s Day, Welshmen celebrate this day by wearing
either leeks or daffodils. Saint David, the patron saint of Wales, is supposed
to have lived on bread and wild leeks for several weeks. There is a belief that
the daffodil flowers on that day. It became an alternative to the leek as a
Welsh emblem in the 20th century.
The 17th of March, St Patrick’s Day, the people of Ireland celebrates it as
a national holiday. Saint Patrick converted the Irish people to Christianity.
He used the shamrock to explain the Holy Trinity: the Father, the Son and the
Holy Spirit. From that time the shamrock has been a revered symbol of Ireland.
Words:
regard [rɪ'ga:d] – вважати
pin [pɪn] – приколювати
thistle ['θɪs(ə)l] – будяк
buttonhole ['betnhəʊl] – бутоньєрка
approach [ə'prəʊʧ] – підходити, наближатися
barefooted [beə'futɪd] – босоногий, босоніж
shriek [ʃri:k] – пронизливо кричати
alarm [ə'la:m] – тривога, сигнал
convert [kən'vəːt] – навертати в іншу віру
shamrock ['ʃæmrɔk] – трилисник
the Holy Trinity / the Holy Spirit – свята Трійця / – святий Дух
revered [rɪ'vɪəd] – шанований
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